Creek crawling tips
在小溪航行的诀窍
Top tips to help you explore the upper reaches of the river.
几个帮你探索小河上游的诀窍
The upper reaches of a river often go unexplored but usually offer stunning scenery, great waterside pubs and interesting places to moor. With a little prior planning and sufficient tidal rise, many rivers are navigable for a fair distance and offer a welcome rest to the hubbub of the main port. Here are six tips to help you to the head of the creek.
河的上游往往未被探索，可能有优美的风景，非常棒的临水酒吧和有趣的地方停泊。提前做点准备，在足够潮高的帮助下，很多小溪都可进行相当距离的巡航，以远离吵闹的大码头。现提供6个诀窍帮你到达小溪的尽头。
1.Deep water
深水区
The deeper water usually flows near the outside of the bend. Keep this natural phenomena in mind when the buoyage starts to thin out. Often a sand bank or shallow patch on the inside of the bend is ready to catch the unwary or those thinking of taking a shortcut (Fig A).
深水区通常靠近小溪转弯的外侧。当浮标开始稀少时一定要留意这一自然现象。粗心大意或抄近道都会导致搁浅在小溪转弯内侧的沙滩或暗滩。参见图纸（A）点。 2． Pick a side
靠一边航行
When the buoyage becomes sparse, instead of looking for the middle of a channel, find an edge and stick to it (Fig B). If you are in the middle of a channel and suddenly lose depth there is no way of knowing where deep water is located. If however the echo sounder is used to locate one side of the channel when the depth reduces you will know which way to turn.
当浮标减少时，不要急于到河道的中间，找一个边并靠近它（如图B）。如果你正好在河的中间并突然不清楚水深，那么就无法知道深水区的位置。当然如果用声纳定位器探测水深，那么你就知道应何时调转船头。
In the illustration (Fig C) we have chosen the starboard side of the channel. By following a constant depth on the echo sounder it will lead us around the river. If the depth reduces we turn to port and if it increases we turn to starboard.
在（图C）中，我们选右舷靠近河道的一边，跟随声纳沿同样的水深在河流行进。如果水开始变浅，就返港，如果变深就向右舷方向靠。
3. Tidal Heights
潮高
Tidal height dramatically changes what you see, compared to the charted view. A channel may look straight forward on the chart because it gives the view you’d get at the lowest low water. But a rising tide covering the banks makes the obvious channel disappear; leaving just a scattering of marks, so if in doubt note the bearing and distance to the next mark on a plan to indicates which way to go.
对照图表，可以看到水位变化很大。在图上水道可能看起来很平，因为图显示的是水位最低的时候。当水位上升覆盖浅滩时，明显的水道就消失了；只剩下了绘制的符号，所以留意在出行计划中标注清晰的线路和距离，好指引路线。
Most rivers get shallower as you travel upstream and require you to establish the tidal height to give you safe clearance. Remember the depths on the chart give the lowest depth expected and any predicted tidal height is added to it. Therefore if there is a depth of 2m on the chart and there is a tidal height of 3.7m, the actual expected depth would be 2m + 3.7m = 5.7m. Heights for many ports are available on the internet or the actual rise of tide can be calculated using information found in an almanac.
当你向上游航行时，大多数河流会有浅滩，这就需要确定潮的高度用做安全空隙。记住图表的水深是可能的最低深度，已经包括预测的潮高。所以如果图上水深2m，潮高3.7m,那么实际的水深是 2m+3.7m=5.7m. 大多数港口的水位高度可在网上获得，实际的水位升高也可用年鉴的信息计算后获得。
To work out a height:
计算出高度
When will we have 3.7m of tide?
什么时候有3.7m的潮高
Enter HW time and fill in the boxes for each hour before and after HW (1301 UT)
记录HW（高水位）时间（13:01）和前后每小时的时间
& (3) Mark in the heights of today’s HW and LW, draw a line between them
标出当天HW（高水位）和LW（低水位），两点相连。
(4)Find 3.7m on the HW Hts scale.
在HW横坐标线找到3.7m位置
(5)Draw a line downwards to intersect today’s HW/LW line, across to meet the curve and then down to the time scale.
向下划直线与HW/LW线连接，跨过曲线并由两个连接点分别划垂线到时间轴线。
(6)There will be 3.7m from about 1010 until 1540 UT
从图可知从10:10到15:40潮高3.7m.
4. Clearance
船下空隙
Allow sufficient clearance under the boat. If you have a keel and the propellers and rudder are protected, the clearance may be less than if the props and rudder would be the first to touch.
保证船下有足够的空隙。如果你的船有龙骨，推进器和方向舵。那么空隙会相对较小，推进器和方向舵会首先触地。
The required clearance may also be affected if the bottom is hard rock or soft mud and whether the tide is rising tide or falling as greater margins are prudent with rocks and on falling tides.
所需空隙也受河床质地的影响，比如石头，烂泥等，潮汐涨落时也更需慎重留意涨潮时覆盖的石头。
Proceed slowly and watch the echosounder. A look behind the boat will often indicate whether you are starting to get shallow as the wash from the props will start churning up mud or sandy coloured water.
慢慢的行进并时刻留意声纳。观察船的尾部也会提示你是否开始进入浅水区，比如推进器出来的水开始搅拌出泥巴或沙色的水。
5. Make a plan
做好计划
Keep the all- important chart down below to stop it blowing away and instead draw a plan.
Drawing a plan allows you to start building a mental picture of where you going as one bend in a river is often similar to another. Keep track of your position by crossing off key points and buoys as you go.
把所有重要的图表放好以免被风挂走，另外起草个计划图。画图帮助我们在头脑中形成个如何行进的画面，毕竟河流的形状大多很相似。记录好会通过的关键位置和浮标。
6. Taking the heat
留意发动机温度
Shallow water increases the chance of weed, sand and mud making its way into your engine seawater filter. Check the filters afterwards and keep an eye on your engine temperature during the trip.
浅水区加大了杂草，泥沙进入发动机海水过滤器的可能性。行程结束时检查过滤器，并在行进过程中时刻留意发动机温度。
Creek crawling tips
在小溪航行的诀窍
Top tips to help you explore the upper reaches of the river.
几个帮你探索小河上游的诀窍
The upper reaches of a river often go unexplored but usually offer stunning scenery, great waterside pubs and interesting places to moor. With a little prior planning and sufficient tidal rise, many rivers are navigable for a fair distance and offer a welcome rest to the hubbub of the main port. Here are six tips to help you to the head of the creek.
河的上游往往未被探索，可能有优美的风景，非常棒的临水酒吧和有趣的地方停泊。提前做点准备，在足够潮高的帮助下，很多小溪都可进行相当距离的巡航，以远离吵闹的大码头。现提供6个诀窍帮你到达小溪的尽头。
1.Deep water
深水区
The deeper water usually flows near the outside of the bend. Keep this natural phenomena in mind when the buoyage starts to thin out. Often a sand bank or shallow patch on the inside of the bend is ready to catch the unwary or those thinking of taking a shortcut (Fig A).
深水区通常靠近小溪转弯的外侧。当浮标开始稀少时一定要留意这一自然现象。粗心大意或抄近道都会导致搁浅在小溪转弯内侧的沙滩或暗滩。参见图纸（A）点。 2． Pick a side
靠一边航行
When the buoyage becomes sparse, instead of looking for the middle of a channel, find an edge and stick to it (Fig B). If you are in the middle of a channel and suddenly lose depth there is no way of knowing where deep water is located. If however the echo sounder is used to locate one side of the channel when the depth reduces you will know which way to turn.
当浮标减少时，不要急于到河道的中间，找一个边并靠近它（如图B）。如果你正好在河的中间并突然不清楚水深，那么就无法知道深水区的位置。当然如果用声纳定位器探测水深，那么你就知道应何时调转船头。
In the illustration (Fig C) we have chosen the starboard side of the channel. By following a constant depth on the echo sounder it will lead us around the river. If the depth reduces we turn to port and if it increases we turn to starboard.
在（图C）中，我们选右舷靠近河道的一边，跟随声纳沿同样的水深在河流行进。如果水开始变浅，就返港，如果变深就向右舷方向靠。
3. Tidal Heights
潮高
Tidal height dramatically changes what you see, compared to the charted view. A channel may look straight forward on the chart because it gives the view you’d get at the lowest low water. But a rising tide covering the banks makes the obvious channel disappear; leaving just a scattering of marks, so if in doubt note the bearing and distance to the next mark on a plan to indicates which way to go.
对照图表，可以看到水位变化很大。在图上水道可能看起来很平，因为图显示的是水位最低的时候。当水位上升覆盖浅滩时，明显的水道就消失了；只剩下了绘制的符号，所以留意在出行计划中标注清晰的线路和距离，好指引路线。
Most rivers get shallower as you travel upstream and require you to establish the tidal height to give you safe clearance. Remember the depths on the chart give the lowest depth expected and any predicted tidal height is added to it. Therefore if there is a depth of 2m on the chart and there is a tidal height of 3.7m, the actual expected depth would be 2m + 3.7m = 5.7m. Heights for many ports are available on the internet or the actual rise of tide can be calculated using information found in an almanac.
当你向上游航行时，大多数河流会有浅滩，这就需要确定潮的高度用做安全空隙。记住图表的水深是可能的最低深度，已经包括预测的潮高。所以如果图上水深2m，潮高3.7m,那么实际的水深是 2m+3.7m=5.7m. 大多数港口的水位高度可在网上获得，实际的水位升高也可用年鉴的信息计算后获得。
To work out a height:
计算出高度
When will we have 3.7m of tide?
什么时候有3.7m的潮高
Enter HW time and fill in the boxes for each hour before and after HW (1301 UT)
记录HW（高水位）时间（13:01）和前后每小时的时间
& (3) Mark in the heights of today’s HW and LW, draw a line between them
标出当天HW（高水位）和LW（低水位），两点相连。
(4)Find 3.7m on the HW Hts scale.
在HW横坐标线找到3.7m位置
(5)Draw a line downwards to intersect today’s HW/LW line, across to meet the curve and then down to the time scale.
向下划直线与HW/LW线连接，跨过曲线并由两个连接点分别划垂线到时间轴线。
(6)There will be 3.7m from about 1010 until 1540 UT
从图可知从10:10到15:40潮高3.7m.
4. Clearance
船下空隙
Allow sufficient clearance under the boat. If you have a keel and the propellers and rudder are protected, the clearance may be less than if the props and rudder would be the first to touch.
保证船下有足够的空隙。如果你的船有龙骨，推进器和方向舵。那么空隙会相对较小，推进器和方向舵会首先触地。
The required clearance may also be affected if the bottom is hard rock or soft mud and whether the tide is rising tide or falling as greater margins are prudent with rocks and on falling tides.
所需空隙也受河床质地的影响，比如石头，烂泥等，潮汐涨落时也更需慎重留意涨潮时覆盖的石头。
Proceed slowly and watch the echosounder. A look behind the boat will often indicate whether you are starting to get shallow as the wash from the props will start churning up mud or sandy coloured water.
慢慢的行进并时刻留意声纳。观察船的尾部也会提示你是否开始进入浅水区，比如推进器出来的水开始搅拌出泥巴或沙色的水。
5. Make a plan
做好计划
Keep the all- important chart down below to stop it blowing away and instead draw a plan.
Drawing a plan allows you to start building a mental picture of where you going as one bend in a river is often similar to another. Keep track of your position by crossing off key points and buoys as you go.
把所有重要的图表放好以免被风挂走，另外起草个计划图。画图帮助我们在头脑中形成个如何行进的画面，毕竟河流的形状大多很相似。记录好会通过的关键位置和浮标。
6. Taking the heat
留意发动机温度
Shallow water increases the chance of weed, sand and mud making its way into your engine seawater filter. Check the filters afterwards and keep an eye on your engine temperature during the trip.
浅水区加大了杂草，泥沙进入发动机海水过滤器的可能性。行程结束时检查过滤器，并在行进过程中时刻留意发动机温度。
