The long, straight part of an anchor, to which the anchor rode attaches at one end and the fluke(s) at the other end.
锚的长而直的部分，一端连接着锚缆(anchor rode)，另一端连接着锚爪(fluke)。
Fluke
Fluke（锚爪）
The pointed part(s) of an anchor that digs into the bottom when the anchor sets
下锚时，锚身上向底部钻动（以提供锚抓力）的尖端部分。
Chartplotter
Chartplotter (海图标绘仪)
An electronic device, or a computer using a GPS sensor and navigational software, that displays the boat’s position on a chart view. Chartplotters can perform many navigational tasks.
In general, to furl a sail is to roll it up, such as to furl the mainsail on the boom (or into the boom or mast in some contemporary systems). A furling jib rolls up around the forestay using special hardware in a furling system.
The deep vertical section of a sailboat affixed to the bottom of the hull. The keel helps the boat resist the leeward force of the wind and provides stability against excessive heeling.
贴在船体(hull)底部的，垂直方向的部分。龙骨帮助船只抵御背风力(leeward force of the wind)，并稳定过度倾侧。
Draft
Draft(吃水深度)
The depth of a boat in the water, measured from the waterline to the lowest section of the keel.
帆船进入水的深度，从水平面到龙骨最低处测量。
Scope
Scope(锚缆长度)
In nautical usage, scope refers to the ratio of the length of anchor rode to the vertical drop of the anchor (from the boat’s bow to the water bottom). For example, a scope of 7 to 1 means that with a water depth of 17 feet and the boat’s bow 3 feet above the water (total vertical drop of 20 feet), 140 feet of anchor rode would be let out.
在航海领域，scope指的是锚缆与锚的垂直落差（从船头到水底）的长度之比。例如，a scope of 7意味着当水深为17英尺，船头距水面为3英尺时（总共的垂直落差为20英尺），140英尺的锚缆将被放出。
Rode
Rode(锚缆)
A nautical term for the anchor line, typically made of chain or nylon line or a combination of both. When anchoring, the rode is let out to a predetermined scope.
锚的缆绳的航海术语，通常由铁链或尼龙绳或两者共同制成。下锚时，锚缆被放出一个预先决定的比例。
Bow Roller
Bow Roller(弓辊)
Definition: A fitting at the top forward section of a boat’s bow used for raising and securing an anchor in place. Called a bow roller because a block at the front end of the fitting rolls as the anchor line comes in or goes out.
When anchoring, holding ground refers to the bottom and its characteristics. For example, “good holding ground” means a sand or mud bottom into which the anchor will set well.
Definition: Lee, or leeward, refers to downwind or the downwind side of the boat or sail. The boats sails, for example, are always on the leeward side of the boat. A lee shore is land that is downwind of the boat (and thus is a danger if the boat is blown or drags anchor).
Definition: The control lines on port and starboard that pull the jib sail in or out.
左舷和右舷上用来将前帆拉出或收起的绳索。
Forestay
Forestay（前桅支索）
Definition: A wire or metal rod that runs from the bow of a sailboat to the top (or near the top) of the mast to provide support from the front. The backstay provides support from the opposite direction, and the shrouds provide support from each side.
Definition: The control line that pulls the mainsail in or out.
将主帆卷起或放开的控制索。
Spreader
Spreader(吊具)
Definition: A strut mounted on the mast athwartships to hold out the shrouds, providing a better holding angle for the shrouds.
一个安装于桅杆(mast)上的横向支杆，以撑开侧翼支索，为侧翼支索提供更好的拉力角度。
Sheave
Sheave(滑轮转动轮)
Definition: The pulley wheel that turns inside a block, around which a rope or line passes.
在一个滑轮装置内的被绳子或钢索环绕着的转动的轮子。
Shackle
Shackle（钩环）
Definition: A metal hook-like device that attaches a line to a sail or other fitting, or one fitting to another, often with a screw piece to keep it in place.
金属的钩状物，将绳索连接到帆或其他部件上，或连接两个部件，通常带有螺栓部分来使之固定。
Sail slug
Sail slug(帆塞)
A small device that attaches to the boltrope of the mainsail and moves up and down in the sail groove in the mast, used for hoisting and lowering the mainsail.
An anchor permanently installed in a harbor for mooring a sailboat, typically consisting of the anchor, chain to a mooring ball on the surface, and a pennant to which the boat attaches.
Verb: Luffing refers to a shaking or movement of the leading edge of a sail when it is not in trim. For example, if the sail is let out too far for the wind’s direction, the leading edge may shake or start to blow inward. Tightening up the sheet usually corrects luffing.
Verb: To “luff up” also refers to the act of turning the boat more into the wind, thereby causing the sail to luff. This may be done deliberately, for example, to slow the boat down to prevent crossing the starting line too soon in a sail race.
A usually triangular sail attached to the forestay or headstay of a sailboat.
一面通常是三角形的帆，安装在帆船的前桅支索上。
Halyard
Halyard（升降索）
A line, made of rope or wire with a rope tail, that is used to hoist a sail. The halyard typically rises from the head of the sail to a block at the head of the mast and back down to deck level, from where it is pulled up to raise the sail. Both the mainsail and head sail have separate halyards, as do other sails such as a spinnaker.
A line sewn into the luff and foot of a mainsail, and the luff of a jib sail. The boltrope slides through a groove in the mast, boom, or forestay fitting for hoisting the sail or moving the foot back along the boom.
Any pulley used on a boat. A line passes through the block around the sheave, the central turning wheel, and changes direction. The block shown here redirects a jib sheet from the front of the boat back to the cockpit.
The large sail hoisted behind the mast, or main mast when there are more than one, of a sailboat. In a Bermuda-rigged sloop the mainsail has a tall, triangular shape.
Definition: A device used on all but very small sailboats to provide a mechanical advantage when tightening a line (rope). Winches are typically used to raise the mainsail and to trim in jib sheets. The line is wrapped clockwise around the winch drum and a handle inserted in the top; cranking the handle turns the drum to bring in the line.
Definition: A common knot used in many circumstances on sailboats, such as to tie a loop of line around a piling, stanchion, or any other fixed structure. The bowline is not only strong and secure but is easy to break loose later, even when pulled tight under a load.
A tiller is one way a sailboat's rudder is moved to turn the boat.A long handle, usually made of wood, that attaches to the top of sailboat’s rudder or rudder post to turn the rudder for steering. The boat turns in the direction opposite that in which the tiller is pushed: to turn right (to starboard), push the tiller left (to port). Tillers are more commonly used on smaller sailboats because it can take much force to move the larger rudder of a big boat with a tiller. All sailboats are steered either with a tiller or a wheel.
The term tiller is also used for the steering arm of small outboard engines.
tiller这个术语也用来指舷外发动机的掌舵臂。
Swing Keel
Swing Keel（摇摆龙骨）
A type of keel on a sailboat that can be raised or lowered from the bottom of the hull. A swing keel is usually long, thin, and heavy. Pivoting on a pin inside the hull, it swings down to provide ballast and resistance against sideways motion of the boat caused by the wind blowing from one side. The advantage of a swing keel is that, with the keel raised, the sailboat can go into shallow water and sits lower on a trailer.
A system used in some trailerable sailboats without a weighted fixed keel. Ballast (weight near the bottom of the boat) is needed to keep the boat upright when the wind pushes the sails over. In a water-ballast boat, a chamber in the bottom of the hull fills with water to provide this ballast. This water can then be emptied when the boat is put on a trailer, to make it lighter for easier trailering.
The long, straight part of an anchor, to which the anchor rode attaches at one end and the fluke(s) at the other end.
锚的长而直的部分，一端连接着锚缆(anchor rode)，另一端连接着锚爪(fluke)。
Fluke
Fluke（锚爪）
The pointed part(s) of an anchor that digs into the bottom when the anchor sets
下锚时，锚身上向底部钻动（以提供锚抓力）的尖端部分。
Chartplotter
Chartplotter (海图标绘仪)
An electronic device, or a computer using a GPS sensor and navigational software, that displays the boat’s position on a chart view. Chartplotters can perform many navigational tasks.
In general, to furl a sail is to roll it up, such as to furl the mainsail on the boom (or into the boom or mast in some contemporary systems). A furling jib rolls up around the forestay using special hardware in a furling system.
The deep vertical section of a sailboat affixed to the bottom of the hull. The keel helps the boat resist the leeward force of the wind and provides stability against excessive heeling.
贴在船体(hull)底部的，垂直方向的部分。龙骨帮助船只抵御背风力(leeward force of the wind)，并稳定过度倾侧。
Draft
Draft(吃水深度)
The depth of a boat in the water, measured from the waterline to the lowest section of the keel.
帆船进入水的深度，从水平面到龙骨最低处测量。
Scope
Scope(锚缆长度)
In nautical usage, scope refers to the ratio of the length of anchor rode to the vertical drop of the anchor (from the boat’s bow to the water bottom). For example, a scope of 7 to 1 means that with a water depth of 17 feet and the boat’s bow 3 feet above the water (total vertical drop of 20 feet), 140 feet of anchor rode would be let out.
在航海领域，scope指的是锚缆与锚的垂直落差（从船头到水底）的长度之比。例如，a scope of 7意味着当水深为17英尺，船头距水面为3英尺时（总共的垂直落差为20英尺），140英尺的锚缆将被放出。
Rode
Rode(锚缆)
A nautical term for the anchor line, typically made of chain or nylon line or a combination of both. When anchoring, the rode is let out to a predetermined scope.
锚的缆绳的航海术语，通常由铁链或尼龙绳或两者共同制成。下锚时，锚缆被放出一个预先决定的比例。
Bow Roller
Bow Roller(弓辊)
Definition: A fitting at the top forward section of a boat’s bow used for raising and securing an anchor in place. Called a bow roller because a block at the front end of the fitting rolls as the anchor line comes in or goes out.
When anchoring, holding ground refers to the bottom and its characteristics. For example, “good holding ground” means a sand or mud bottom into which the anchor will set well.
Definition: Lee, or leeward, refers to downwind or the downwind side of the boat or sail. The boats sails, for example, are always on the leeward side of the boat. A lee shore is land that is downwind of the boat (and thus is a danger if the boat is blown or drags anchor).
Definition: The control lines on port and starboard that pull the jib sail in or out.
左舷和右舷上用来将前帆拉出或收起的绳索。
Forestay
Forestay（前桅支索）
Definition: A wire or metal rod that runs from the bow of a sailboat to the top (or near the top) of the mast to provide support from the front. The backstay provides support from the opposite direction, and the shrouds provide support from each side.
Definition: The control line that pulls the mainsail in or out.
将主帆卷起或放开的控制索。
Spreader
Spreader(吊具)
Definition: A strut mounted on the mast athwartships to hold out the shrouds, providing a better holding angle for the shrouds.
一个安装于桅杆(mast)上的横向支杆，以撑开侧翼支索，为侧翼支索提供更好的拉力角度。
Sheave
Sheave(滑轮转动轮)
Definition: The pulley wheel that turns inside a block, around which a rope or line passes.
在一个滑轮装置内的被绳子或钢索环绕着的转动的轮子。
Shackle
Shackle（钩环）
Definition: A metal hook-like device that attaches a line to a sail or other fitting, or one fitting to another, often with a screw piece to keep it in place.
金属的钩状物，将绳索连接到帆或其他部件上，或连接两个部件，通常带有螺栓部分来使之固定。
Sail slug
Sail slug(帆塞)
A small device that attaches to the boltrope of the mainsail and moves up and down in the sail groove in the mast, used for hoisting and lowering the mainsail.
An anchor permanently installed in a harbor for mooring a sailboat, typically consisting of the anchor, chain to a mooring ball on the surface, and a pennant to which the boat attaches.
Verb: Luffing refers to a shaking or movement of the leading edge of a sail when it is not in trim. For example, if the sail is let out too far for the wind’s direction, the leading edge may shake or start to blow inward. Tightening up the sheet usually corrects luffing.
Verb: To “luff up” also refers to the act of turning the boat more into the wind, thereby causing the sail to luff. This may be done deliberately, for example, to slow the boat down to prevent crossing the starting line too soon in a sail race.
A usually triangular sail attached to the forestay or headstay of a sailboat.
一面通常是三角形的帆，安装在帆船的前桅支索上。
Halyard
Halyard（升降索）
A line, made of rope or wire with a rope tail, that is used to hoist a sail. The halyard typically rises from the head of the sail to a block at the head of the mast and back down to deck level, from where it is pulled up to raise the sail. Both the mainsail and head sail have separate halyards, as do other sails such as a spinnaker.
A line sewn into the luff and foot of a mainsail, and the luff of a jib sail. The boltrope slides through a groove in the mast, boom, or forestay fitting for hoisting the sail or moving the foot back along the boom.
Any pulley used on a boat. A line passes through the block around the sheave, the central turning wheel, and changes direction. The block shown here redirects a jib sheet from the front of the boat back to the cockpit.
The large sail hoisted behind the mast, or main mast when there are more than one, of a sailboat. In a Bermuda-rigged sloop the mainsail has a tall, triangular shape.
Definition: A device used on all but very small sailboats to provide a mechanical advantage when tightening a line (rope). Winches are typically used to raise the mainsail and to trim in jib sheets. The line is wrapped clockwise around the winch drum and a handle inserted in the top; cranking the handle turns the drum to bring in the line.
Definition: A common knot used in many circumstances on sailboats, such as to tie a loop of line around a piling, stanchion, or any other fixed structure. The bowline is not only strong and secure but is easy to break loose later, even when pulled tight under a load.
A tiller is one way a sailboat's rudder is moved to turn the boat.A long handle, usually made of wood, that attaches to the top of sailboat’s rudder or rudder post to turn the rudder for steering. The boat turns in the direction opposite that in which the tiller is pushed: to turn right (to starboard), push the tiller left (to port). Tillers are more commonly used on smaller sailboats because it can take much force to move the larger rudder of a big boat with a tiller. All sailboats are steered either with a tiller or a wheel.
The term tiller is also used for the steering arm of small outboard engines.
tiller这个术语也用来指舷外发动机的掌舵臂。
Swing Keel
Swing Keel（摇摆龙骨）
A type of keel on a sailboat that can be raised or lowered from the bottom of the hull. A swing keel is usually long, thin, and heavy. Pivoting on a pin inside the hull, it swings down to provide ballast and resistance against sideways motion of the boat caused by the wind blowing from one side. The advantage of a swing keel is that, with the keel raised, the sailboat can go into shallow water and sits lower on a trailer.
A system used in some trailerable sailboats without a weighted fixed keel. Ballast (weight near the bottom of the boat) is needed to keep the boat upright when the wind pushes the sails over. In a water-ballast boat, a chamber in the bottom of the hull fills with water to provide this ballast. This water can then be emptied when the boat is put on a trailer, to make it lighter for easier trailering.
